This 3D printed adapter can be used during a pandemic either when N95s are not available, or when the health care provider is not able to pass fit testing for a standard N95 mask. It is designed to use an HME filter and an OceanReef snorkel mask. The snorkel mask is reusable indefinitely (with proper sterilization), and HME filters are largely accessible in a hospital setting.

At the University of Kansas Health System, 20 out of 20 individuals who were not able to pass fit testing with a standard N95 were able to pass fit testing using this adapter, mask, and HME filter.

The adapter is easily 3D printed at a low cost and in a variety of filaments (mainly PLA). Specifically eSun PLA+/PLA Pro was used due to its ability to resist shear force in testing (when compared to other PLA). Nylon is also a good material to use, although harder to print with.